Qalʿat al-Marqab (Castle), Central courtyard and chapel

Qalʿat al-Marqab (Castle), Central courtyard and chapel

View from afar to al-Mudiq Citadel

View from afar to al-Mudiq Citadel

A building belongs to Qal‘at Shayzar

A building belongs to Qal‘at Shayzar

The southern tower of Qal‘at Shayzar

The southern tower of Qal‘at Shayzar

Byzantine decorated basalt stone reused in the construction of Qal‘at Shayzar

Byzantine decorated basalt stone reused in the construction of Qal‘at Shayzar

The citadel of Damascus during the restoration in 1985

The citadel of Damascus during the restoration in 1985

The North West Tower of Damascus Citadel

The North West Tower of Damascus Citadel

The northern wall of the Damascus Citadel

The northern wall of the Damascus Citadel

Stonework in the Citadel of Damascus

Stonework in the Citadel of Damascus

In the vicinity of a small town/village on the slope of a natural rock, possibly in the Afrin region

In the vicinity of a small town/village on the slope of a natural rock, possibly in the Afrin region

A small window in the middle of a niche- upper floor, Qal‘at Shayzar

A small window in the middle of a niche- upper floor, Qal‘at Shayzar

The southern tower of Qal‘at Shayzar

The southern tower of Qal‘at Shayzar

Restoration works at the Citadel of Damascus

Restoration works at the Citadel of Damascus

An inscription on the wall of Damascus Citadel

An inscription on the wall of Damascus Citadel

Temporary title for Image 68390

Temporary title for Image 68390

An Arabic inscription on the wall of Qal‘at Shayzar

An Arabic inscription on the wall of Qal‘at Shayzar

A private Aleppine house

A private Aleppine house

Numbering application example for the courtyard floor into smaller sections, based on a plan of Bayt Ghazala, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.06_Bayt-Ghazala_room-02

Traditional Aleppian house

Traditional Aleppian house

A renovated Aleppine house in al-Jallum neighborhood

A renovated Aleppine house in al-Jallum neighborhood

Wakil house, interior façade of the upper floor

Wakil house, interior façade of the upper floor

Jurn Kabir, a typical old house of the Euphrates valley near Qalʿat Najm with a large log (willow) transverse to the longitudinal axis.

Jurn Kabir, a typical old house of the Euphrates valley near Qalʿat Najm with a large log (willow) transverse to the longitudinal axis.

Euphrates valley south of Qalʿat Najm as it looked before the flooding of lake Tishrin

Euphrates valley south of Qalʿat Najm as it looked before the flooding of lake Tishrin

The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC

The northern entrance of the historical city of Dura Europos (Qalʿat as-Salihiyya), end of 4th century BC

The northern wall of the Damascus Citadel

The northern wall of the Damascus Citadel

A lateral Iwan at Bayt Jubran Afandi Shamiyya, Bab Tuma

A lateral Iwan at Bayt Jubran Afandi Shamiyya, Bab Tuma

Bayt Ghazala, 17th c. ground floor plan

Bayt Ghazala, 17th c. ground floor plan

Bayt Jubran Afandi Shamiyya, now the Riʿaya private school, Bab Tuma

Bayt Jubran Afandi Shamiyya, now the Riʿaya private school, Bab Tuma

Aleppo

Geodetic grid application example for a courtyard and rooms with rubble, based on a plan of Bayt Ghazala, Aleppo, Syria

Fig.05_geodetic grid over rubble heap